Next Scientists Conferences

FACTORS IN THE FORMATION OF PEDAGOGICAL IDEAS IN THE WORKS OF SUFI ALLAYAR

Rustamkhon Kotibov Bosithon ogli — Wed, 30 Apr 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This article examines the formative factors behind pedagogical ideas in the works of So‘fi Olloyor, an influential figure in the spiritual and literary heritage of Central Asia. Although his poetic legacy is most often celebrated for its Sufi themes and moral depth, Olloyor’s texts also serve as a valuable source of guidance on teaching and character education. Written largely in accessible vernacular language, his verses discuss moral virtues, personal development, and the shaping of ethical behavior—objectives that correspond closely to pedagogical concerns. Through an exploration of the social, cultural, and theological environments that shaped Olloyor’s writing, this article illuminates how Sufi influences, communal traditions, and a commitment to using simple Turkic prose and poetry contributed to his distinctive approach. Ultimately, by identifying the pedagogical undercurrents in Olloyor’s oeuvre, we gain insight into how moral and spiritual instruction were conveyed to a wide audience, laying the groundwork for a lasting educational and cultural impact.

ANALYSIS OF CRYPTOGRAPHIC KEY EXCHANGE ALGORITHMS AND THEIR SECURITY PROBLEMS

Mardiyev Ulugbek — Thu, 01 May 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Cryptographic key exchange protocols are foundational to secure digital communication, enabling two parties to establish shared secrets over untrusted networks. This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of classical (pre-quantum) key exchange algorithms—specifically Diffie–Hellman (DH), Elliptic Curve Diffie–Hellman (ECDH), and RSA-based key transport—focusing on their theoretical security foundations, implementation practices, and real-world vulnerabilities. Drawing on research from 2020 to 2025, we examine how these protocols function under standard assumptions such as the hardness of the discrete logarithm and integer factorization problems, and we analyze a range of attack vectors including man-in-the-middle, padding oracles, side-channel leakage, and fault-based exploits. Our findings highlight the cryptographic and practical superiority of ephemeral ECDH, which offers forward secrecy and robust resistance to modern threats. In contrast, RSA key exchange, while once dominant, is now largely deprecated due to inherent limitations like the lack of forward secrecy and susceptibility to Bleichenbacher-style attacks. We also review mitigation strategies—such as authenticated exchanges, input validation, constant-time implementations, and parameter hardening—and discuss their adoption in standards like TLS 1.3. The paper concludes that while classical key exchange remains secure against conventional adversaries when correctly implemented, continuous vigilance and adherence to best practices are essential. These insights serve to inform protocol designers and implementers navigating the transition to post-quantum cryptography while maintaining strong interim security.

EDUCATIONAL PROBLEMS OF CHILDREN WHOSE PARENTS HAVE LEFT FOR LABOR MIGRATION

Eshonjonov Bobir Zafarjonovich — Thu, 01 May 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This article analyzes the educational problems of children whose parents have left for labor migration. The negative impact of factors such as deprivation of parental love and upbringing, psychological difficulties, problems with material support, and decreased motivation to study on children's education is studied. Also, ways to eliminate these problems, mechanisms for providing psychological and social support to children, and practical recommendations for improving the quality of education are given.

A LINGUISTIC AND CULTURAL STUDY OF CHILD-ORIENTED UNITS OF ADDRESS IN ENGLISH AND UZBEK

Mohinur Axmadjonova — Thu, 01 May 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This article investigates the linguocultural dimensions of address forms aimed at children in English and Uzbek, illustrating how social and familial values shape vocabulary, morphology, and pragmatic usage. Drawing on cultural contexts, the study reveals both shared tendencies—such as affectionate diminutives—and distinct patterns of generational hierarchy and communal identity. By exploring how adults in each language employ various terms, from sweet nicknames to more formal expressions, the article demonstrates the role of vocative usage in transmitting cultural norms, emotional bonds, and views on childhood.

THE CONCEPT OF A CRIME, ITS ELEMENTS, AND THE CHARACTERISTICS OF INDIVIDUAL COMPONENTS

Abdullayev Vasiyat Anvarovich — Thu, 01 May 2025 00:00:00 +0000

The categorical definition of crime lies at the heart of every system of criminal justice; yet its conceptual boundaries, normative content, and analytical structure remain contested. Modern doctrine converges on a four-element model—object, objective side, subject, and subjective side—originally formalised by continental scholars and later adapted in common-law jurisdictions through actus reus and mens rea analysis. This article investigates the intellectual evolution of the concept of crime, elucidates the legal meaning of each constituent element, and compares their doctrinal treatment in civil-law and common-law traditions with specific reference to Uzbekistan, the Russian Federation, and Anglo-American jurisprudence. The findings demonstrate that an integrated, element-by-element evaluation remains indispensable for the legitimate attribution of criminal liability in contemporary legal practice, while indicating avenues for harmonising terminology and evidential thresholds across jurisdictions.

THE EFFECTIVENESS OF MIND MAPPING ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF CRITICAL THINKING SKILLS IN SECONDARY EDUCATION

Dilsora Ashurova — Thu, 01 May 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Mind mapping has evolved from a creative brainstorming aid into an instructional strategy that promises measurable cognitive dividends. Pre- and post-testing with the California Critical Thinking Skills Test and classroom discourse analysis revealed statistically significant gains for the experimental cohort in interpretation, inference and self-regulation subscales (p < 0.01). Qualitative classroom observations further indicated richer argumentative dialogue and greater metacognitive awareness among mind-mapping participants. The discussion positions these outcomes within constructivist theory, highlighting the technique’s dual role as an external memory aid and a scaffold for dialogic reasoning. Implications for teacher training, curriculum design and future longitudinal research are proposed.

THE ROLE AND INFLUENCE OF ZOONYMS IN CHILDREN'S LITERATURE

Buriev Dilmurod Arzimurodovich — Sat, 12 Apr 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Zoonyms play an important role in children's literature, serving to enrich the imagination of young readers, instill moral values, and form their worldview. The names given to animals play an important role not only in revealing the character of the characters, but also in enlivening events and creating artistic images. This article analyzes the functional and semantic properties of zoonyms in children's literature, their educational and psychological impact.

IMPOSTOR SYNDROME: ESSENCE, CAUSES, AND SOLUTIONS

Nilufar Yuldasheva — Wed, 30 Apr 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This thesis thoroughly explores the nature, formation factors, prevalence, and negative psychological impact of impostor syndrome. Family upbringing, social pressure, perfectionism, and personal characteristics are highlighted as key contributing factors to the development of the syndrome. Based on research findings, the negative effects of impostor syndrome on professional and personal growth, including self-deprecation, stress, and the exacerbation of depression, are emphasized.

A SET OF RULES FOR TEACHING PRESCHOOL CHILDREN TO WRITE

G.Z. Eshbekova — Thu, 01 May 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This article provides ideas on observing the rules when teaching preschool children to write. The tasks of educators in teaching children to write, as well as the issues of observing the rules before teaching them to write, are highlighted.

THE SPECIFICS AND SIGNIFICANCE OF COMPLETING INDEPENDENT PHYSICS ASSIGNMENTS COOPERATIVELY

Thu, 01 May 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This article discusses the form, types, and levels of independent education in physics, an "exemplary" form of organizing and implementing "creative research work," as well as effective and practical creative methods for students in completing assignments, as well as the nature and importance of cooperative work.

THE BASIC CONCEPT OF GESTURE AND POSTURE KINESICS

Berdimuratova Madina Khairullayevna, Abdulla Qodiriy — Thu, 01 May 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This article discusses the basic concept of kinesics, including gesture and posture, and includes their types, meanings, and examples of these concepts. The ideas of the Russian scientist V.Birkenbil on the influence of social and political factors on body language or posture are also cited.

LINGUISTIC STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF HOMOFORMS AND FEATURES OF GRAMMATICAL HOMONYMY IN THE UZBEK LANGUAGE

Unarova Dilafruz Abdimajit qizi — Thu, 01 May 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This article discusses the methods and objectives of linguostatistical analysis of homoforms. In the Uzbek language, the homoformity of grammatical forms, that is, forms that are the same in pronunciation and writing, but differ in lexical or grammatical meaning, is analyzed. Various cases of grammatical homonymy, including noun and verb forms, conjugation and person-number forms, are studied. Also, A.I. Avdina's classification of grammatical homonymy and their significance in linguistic research are emphasized. The article provides important information on the study of homoforms in linguostatistics and corpus linguistics, as well as their use in linguistics, lexicography and language teaching.

THE IMPACT OF MIGRATION ON DOMESTIC AND FOREIGN TRADE IN THE FERGANA VALLEY IN THE LATE 19TH - EARLY 20TH CENTURIES

Mirjalol Nazirov — Thu, 01 May 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This article analyzes the impact of migration processes in the Fergana Valley during the late 19th and early 20th centuries on internal and external trade.

It highlights how population movements and relocations contributed to the formation of regional economic connections. The development of trade routes, exchange of goods in markets, and factors related to foreign economic relations are examined. The research is based on historical sources and statistical data.

ORGANIZATION OF HEALTH-IMPROVEMENT TRAININGS FOR WOMEN OF DIFFERENT AGE GROUPS (25–35, 35–45, 45–55 YEARS) USING FITNESS AEROBICS METHODS

Shakhriddinova Laylo Nurkhanovna — Wed, 30 Apr 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This article explores the design, implementation, and benefits of fitness-aerobics programs aimed at improving the health of women between the ages of 25 and 55. Divided into three distinct age brackets—25–35, 35–45, and 45–55—this discussion examines how physiological and lifestyle differences necessitate tailored workout plans in order to optimize fitness gains and encourage long-term adherence. By evaluating common health and motivation factors that influence these age groups, instructors can plan exercises that promote cardiovascular endurance, muscular strength, and flexibility, while minimizing the risk of injury or overexertion. Building on contemporary research and established guidelines in exercise science, the article addresses methods for creating inclusive, safe, and engaging sessions, emphasizing the importance of social support, ongoing assessment, and collaboration with health professionals. The ultimate objective is to illustrate how fitness aerobics, strategically adapted for each age range, can serve as an effective means of enhancing physical well-being and sustaining a healthy lifestyle.

ASSESSING THE TRAINING OF HEU’ STUDENTS IN THE FIELD OF VOCATIONAL EDUCATION THROUGH PEDAGOGICAL STRATEGY: ON THE EXAMPLE OF UZBEKISTAN

Pozilova Shakhnoza Khaydaraliyevna — Thu, 01 May 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This article aims to develop a pedagogical strategy for preparing students for vocational education. The author presents the structure, components and conditions of preparation of students of higher education institutions for professional and pedagogical activity on the basis of a competency approach. The experimental sites were obtained in higher education institutions in Uzbekistan.

EFFECTIVE METHODS OF VERMICULITE MINERAL MODIFICATION: ACID, ALKALINE, AND THERMAL TREATMENTS

Ravshanova Oydinoy — Thu, 01 May 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Vermiculite is a layered magnesium aluminium silicate whose high cation exchange capacity, thermal expansibility and chemical inertness make it an attractive precursor for functional adsorbents, catalysts and thermal insulation fillers. The present study examines the physicochemical evolution of vermiculite subjected to three widely employed modification routes—acid leaching, alkaline activation and rapid thermal exfoliation—and compares their efficacy in generating surface area, porosity and functional surface groups. Samples of crude Tebinbuloq vermiculite were treated with 25 % H₂SO₄ at 95 °C for 6 h, with 1.5 M KOH at 60 °C for 24 h, and by flash heating to 850 °C for 5 min. X ray diffraction, FTIR spectroscopy, BET nitrogen adsorption and ICP OES were used to track structural and compositional changes, while Cu²⁺ uptake from aqueous solution provided an integral performance metric. Acid treatment produced a two fold rise in BET surface (61 → 128 m² g⁻¹) through dealumination and silica skeleton formation; alkaline attack enhanced microporosity and generated reactive –Si–O⁻ sites that boosted cation exchange capacity to 155 mmol kg⁻¹; thermal exfoliation yielded the largest pore volume (0.51 cm³ g⁻¹) and a six fold decrease in bulk density, facilitating rapid intraparticle diffusion.

USE OF FORMALITY, CULTURAL CONTEXT, AND POLITENESS

Rejepova Iroda Jumanazar qizi — Thu, 01 May 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Formality, cultural context, and politeness play a crucial role in diplomatic communication, ensuring clarity, respect, and the prevention of misunderstandings in international relations. While English diplomatic language is characterized by clarity and brevity, Uzbek diplomatic discourse tends to be more elaborate, incorporating honorifics and complex sentence structures to convey respect. The linguistic style of diplomacy in both English and Uzbek is deeply influenced by their respective historical and cultural backgrounds, highlighting the importance of understanding these factors for effective cross-cultural communication. Recognizing and adapting to cultural differences in diplomatic language is essential for building trust, fostering cooperation, and conducting successful negotiations on the global stage.

IMPROVING SOCIO-ECOLOGICAL PROTECTION MECHANISMS IN THE CONTEXT OF GLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL CHALLENGES

Raxmatova Muxayyo Elboboyevna — Thu, 01 May 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Escalating climate instability, biodiversity loss, and resource depletion have intensified calls for protection strategies that recognise the inseparability of ecological integrity and social wellbeing. This study explores the conditions that enhance socio-ecological protection mechanisms under mounting global environmental pressures. Drawing on a mixed-methods design that combined documentary analysis, semi-structured interviews, and three comparative case studies (Central Asia, Northern Europe, and Southeast Asia), the research assessed how legal frameworks, participatory governance, and adaptive financing interact to foster resilience. Results show that protection mechanisms are most effective when environmental legislation is interwoven with social policy, when local stakeholders can shape decisions through transparent forums, and when financing schemes provide long-term resource security. The discussion positions these findings within contemporary sustainability theory, highlighting the importance of integrating social justice metrics into ecological monitoring systems

THE TEACHING METHODS OF NEOLOGISMS IN RUSSIAN CLASSES

Ahmedova Feruza Ibragimovna — Thu, 01 May 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This article explores effective methods for teaching neologisms in Russian language classes. Neologisms, as dynamic lexical units, reflect the ongoing sociocultural and technological changes in society. The paper presents classification types, sources of modern Russian neologisms, and challenges related to their instruction. Practical strategies such as contextual learning, project-based tasks, digital media analysis, and interactive techniques are suggested to improve students' lexical awareness and communicative competence. Special attention is given to how teaching neologisms enhances cultural literacy and real-world language skills.

METHODOLOGY OF USING BLOOM’S TAXONOMY IN DEVELOPING PRAGMATIC COMPETENCE

Mustafayeva Nilufar Ulashovna — Wed, 30 Apr 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This article explores how Bloom’s taxonomy can be used as a pedagogical framework to develop pragmatic competence in language instruction. Pragmatic competence entails an individual’s ability to interpret and produce language in context, ensuring utterances are appropriately tuned to social norms, intentions, and interlocutor roles. While many language curricula emphasize grammatical and lexical proficiency, systematic attention to pragmatic skills remains comparatively underrepresented. Bloom’s taxonomy, which classifies cognitive processes from remembering to creating, can serve as a useful scaffold to structure increasingly sophisticated pragmatic tasks. By mapping pragmatic targets onto the six levels of Bloom’s revised taxonomy—remember, understand, apply, analyze, evaluate, and create—teachers can foster deeper thinking about contextualized language use. This article examines the theoretical foundations of Bloom’s taxonomy, explains how each level can correspond to specific pragmatic objectives, and demonstrates how instructors might design lesson sequences that progress from simple identification of speech acts to creative, context-rich communication. A table is included to illustrate possible pragmatic tasks at each cognitive level, with suggestions for classroom application. The article concludes that a thoughtful integration of Bloom’s taxonomy and pragmatic skill-building not only enriches communicative competence but also sharpens learners’ critical thinking about how language operates across diverse social and cultural situations.

COGNITIVE-STRATEGIC POSSIBILITIES OF TAUTOLOGY IN DRAMATIC TEXT

Yuldasheva Dilnoza Khasan kizi — Thu, 01 May 2025 00:00:00 +0000

In the 20th century, the achievements of leading scientific theories gave impetus to the development of sciences, most importantly, the problems of linguistics began to be investigated on the basis of anthropocentric principles. At the beginning of the second half of the last century, the science of knowledge, under the influence of cognitology, cognitive linguistics emerged, since cognitology deals with the techniques and methods of acquiring, processing, storing and using knowledge. Naturally, the emergence of a particular science means the general development of understanding the laws of society, but the emergence of cognitology turned out to be especially significant for linguistics. The fact that understanding language is a cognitive activity is that the owner of the language, as a thinker, analyzer and interpreter, understands and evaluates any information, any information using cognitive analysis. From this point of view, the fields of cognitology and linguistics intersect directly at one point. The results of research in the field of cognitive linguistics provide the key to unlocking all human cognitive mechanisms, such as concepts, scenarios, scripts, frames, gestalts, categorization, and conceptualization mechanisms.

DEVELOPMENT OF STUDENTS’ PERSONAL COMPETENCIES THROUGH INTEGRATION OF E-LEARNING PLATFORMS AND APPLICATION PACKAGES

Umirov Boboyor Baxtiyor o‘g‘li — Thu, 01 May 2025 00:00:00 +0000

The integration of e-learning platforms and application packages has become a crucial aspect of modern education, significantly impacting the development of students’ personal competencies [1]. This comprehensive analysis examines how this integration enhances student skills, the challenges encountered in implementation, and the methods employed to achieve successful integration.

ENHANCING PRE-SERVICE ENGLISH TEACHERS’ CREATIVE ENGAGEMENT THROUGH INTERACTIVE TEACHING STRATEGIES

Ergasheva Muxtaramxon — Thu, 01 May 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This article examines the impact of systematically embedded interactive teaching strategies on the creative engagement of pre-service English language teachers. A semester-long mixed-method study involving 68 third-year undergraduates at a metropolitan pedagogical university in Uzbekistan investigated whether dialogic techniques, task-based digital simulations and reflective micro-teaching could foster higher levels of imaginative investment and pedagogical originality. Quantitative analysis using the Creative Classroom Engagement Scale (α = 0.91) revealed a statistically significant improvement in fluency, flexibility and elaboration (t = 3.97; p < 0.01) within the experimental cohort compared to a control group following a traditional lecture-seminar format. Qualitative data derived from video-stimulated recall and learning journals indicated a parallel shift in professional identity, with participants describing themselves as “learning designers” rather than lesson deliverers. The findings support sociocultural and constructivist positions asserting that creativity flourishes in dialogic, learner-centred spaces and underline the importance of embedding such spaces in teacher-education curricula.

THE ROLE OF A SCIENTIFIC WORLDVIEW IN IDENTIFYING DEVELOPMENT PROBLEMS IN UZBEKISTAN

Djurayev Golib — Thu, 01 May 2025 00:00:00 +0000

A scientific worldview — the system of empirically grounded, methodologically consistent knowledge about nature and society — is crucial for diagnosing and solving development challenges. In the context of Uzbekistan’s transition from a centrally planned to an innovation-driven economy, the ability to frame problems through scientific reasoning determines whether reforms reach their intended targets or remain declarative. This article analyses how the scientific worldview operates as an epistemic lens for detecting economic, social and ecological bottlenecks, drawing on policy documents, statistical data and expert interviews. Using a mixed-methods design, we examine three domains: regional economic disparities, environmental sustainability of water management, and digital transformation of public administration. Findings demonstrate that (a) systematic hypothesis-testing reveals latent causal chains behind uneven regional growth, (b) modelling river-basin scenarios exposes hidden trade-offs in agricultural policy, and (c) evidence-based impact assessments prevent techno-optimistic biases in e-government projects. The discussion shows that institutionalising peer review, open data and research ethics within government agencies enhances diagnostic accuracy and public trust. We conclude that embedding scientific thinking into governance not only improves policy calibration but also fosters a culture of critical inquiry essential for sustainable development.

METHODOLOGICAL BASIS OF DEVELOPING FORESIGHT COMPETENCE

Hasanova Sumanbar Hamrokulovna — Thu, 01 May 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This article analyzes the process of emergence of foresight competence in the education system, especially in higher education institutions, its content, significance and formation mechanisms. The formation of foresight competence is considered an important factor in the preparation of competitive, creative and strategically thinking specialists of modern education. The article also considers advanced pedagogical technologies, foresight methods (scenario creation, visioning, monitoring, forecasting) used in the development of this competence and ways of integrating them into the educational process. The results of the study allow improving the quality of education and making students adaptable to future changes through the formation of foresight competence.

FACTORS OF ORGANIZING INDIVIDUAL LEARNING IN THE SUBJECT OF TECHNICAL DRAWING

Boburmirzo Bakhodir ogli Ko‘kiyev — Thu, 24 Apr 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This article provides detailed information on the pedagogical technologies for organizing individualized learning in the subject of technical drawing, along with their advantages and practical aspects.

DYSLIPIDEMIA IN ELDERLY PATIENTS WITH TRANSIENT ISCHEMIC ATTACK

S.Yu. Isamukhamedova — Thu, 01 May 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Dyslipidemia is a major vascular risk factor in elderly patients and plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of transient ischemic attacks (TIAs). Age-related metabolic changes, along with endothelial dysfunction and progressive atherosclerosis, increase susceptibility to cerebral ischemia. This article examines the relationship between lipid disorders and the incidence of TIAs in older adults, highlighting the importance of early detection, individualized therapy, and preventive strategies to reduce the risk of stroke. The role of statins, lifestyle interventions, and multidisciplinary management in improving clinical outcomes is also discussed.

METAPHOR AND MIXED METAPHOR IN COGNITIVE LINGUISTICS AND ITS USES

Murodjonova Latofat Farhodjon Qizi — Thu, 01 May 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This article explores the character of Tess in Thomas Hardy's novel Tess of the d'Urbervilles as a tragic figure caught between fate and a rigid Victorian social structure. The study analyzes how Tess's innocence is gradually lost due to societal norms, gender expectations, and the inescapable force of destiny. By examining key moments in her life, the paper sheds light on Hardy’s critique of moral hypocrisy and injustice. The article also discusses Tess as a symbol of purity, resistance, and inevitable downfall, offering a deeper understanding of Hardy’s social and philosophical worldview.

ANALYSIS OF CUSTOMS AND TRADITIONS OF CENTRAL ASIAN PEOPLES IN “DEVONU LUG‘OTIT TURK”

Maftuna Abdulazizovna Ibragimova — Thu, 01 May 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Mahmud Kashgari’s “Devonu Lug‘otit Turk” is one of the most significant sources illuminating the language, culture, customs, and traditions of 11th-century Turkic peoples. This work is not only important as the first dictionary of Turkic languages but also serves as a crucial historical document reflecting various aspects of Central Asian peoples’ lives, including their social structures, religious beliefs, and daily lifestyles. This thesis analyzes the customs and traditions of Central Asian peoples as presented in “Devonu Lug‘otit Turk.” The analysis focuses on the social relations, religious rituals, family traditions, and literary-artistic thought of Turkic peoples, based on examples and information from the work.

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE MORPHOLOGICAL STRUCTURE OF TECHNICAL TERMS IN UZBEK AND ENGLISH LANGUAGES

Abdullayeva Fotima, Hikmatullayeva Shoxsanam, Duysenbaev Zhalgasbay — Thu, 01 May 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This study offers a comparative analysis of the morphological structure of technical terminology in Uzbek and English. While both languages have long interacted with global science and technology, their strategies for coining, borrowing, and adapting technical terms diverge in ways that reveal deeper typological and sociolinguistic differences. Drawing on a 5,000-item parallel corpus of contemporary engineering, information-technology, and biomedical texts, the research explores affixation patterns, compounding principles, and borrowing mechanisms. A mixed-methods approach combining corpus statistics with qualitative morphosemantic parsing demonstrates that Uzbek, typologically agglutinative, relies heavily on transparent affixational chains and productive native stems, whereas English, typologically analytic, favours minimal affixation and extensive compounding with classical roots. Despite increasing English influence, Uzbek preserves native affixational morphology in roughly two-thirds of new technical coinages. The findings refine current theories of technical lexicon formation in contact settings and provide guidance for terminographers, translators, and educators engaged in STEM communication.

THE PUBLICISTIC STYLE AS A TOOL FOR SHAPING PUBLIC CONSCIOUSNESS: A LINGUISTIC ASPECT

Rukhshona Mukhiddinova — Thu, 01 May 2025 00:00:00 +0000

The publicistic style is an important direction in modern linguistics that plays a key role in shaping public opinion, conveying information to a wide audience, and highlighting pressing social issues. It exists in both oral and written forms, each possessing unique stylistic characteristics. This article explores the main functions of the publicistic style, its role in public communication, and the linguistic features of publicistic texts.

ANALYSIS OF METHODS USED IN TEACHING LITERACY TO PRESCHOOL CHILDREN WITH VISUAL IMPAIRMENTS

Saxatova Nafisa Miryunus qizi — Wed, 30 Apr 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This article examines the methods employed for teaching literacy to preschool children with visual impairments, focusing on the theoretical underpinnings, pedagogical strategies, and practical applications that ensure early literacy skills. Although preschool children with visual impairments possess the same cognitive potential as their sighted peers, they require specialized educational tools and tailored teaching techniques to acquire fundamental literacy skills—especially in reading and writing. By synthesizing existing research in inclusive education, visual rehabilitation, and early childhood pedagogy, this article presents a multifaceted analysis of how tactile materials, multisensory approaches, assistive technology, and individualized lesson planning can enhance literacy development. Central to this discussion is the balance between Braille-based instruction and emergent digital options, as well as the continuous collaboration among specialists, families, and schools. The article further includes a table summarizing key methods, their goals, and implementation considerations. Ultimately, adopting these adaptive strategies helps promote both academic readiness and a strong sense of independence among preschool learners with visual impairments, ensuring they gain a meaningful foothold in early literacy experiences.

THE GENERAL PORTRAYAL OF SUICIDE IN WESTERN LITERATURE

Shukurova Sabokhat Odilovna — Thu, 01 May 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This study investigates the literary representation of suicide across the history of Western literature, with a focus on key works from antiquity to the 21st century. The paper applies a comparative and philosophical approach, examining the changing attitudes toward suicide from a moral, religious, psychological, and existential perspective. Drawing on primary texts by authors such as Sophocles, Shakespeare, Goethe, Camus, and Woolf, this research identifies recurring motifs and ideological frameworks that shape the literary treatment of suicide. The study argues that suicide functions not only as a narrative device but also as a lens through which deeper socio-cultural, ethical, and metaphysical dilemmas are explored. It contributes to the broader discourse on how literature reflects and challenges dominant moral paradigms concerning life, death, and agency.

STAGES OF DEVELOPING SCIENTIFIC AND PHILOSOPHICAL COGNITIVE STRATEGIES IN FUTURE EDUCATORS

Yuldasheva Xusnidaxon — Thu, 01 May 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This article identifies key stages in developing analytical, critical, and creative thinking among future educators, establishing interdisciplinary integration, and fostering skills to solve problems based on a philosophical worldview. The strategies for forming the scientific-philosophical worldview of prospective teachers are thoroughly discussed.

THE EFFECTIVENESS OF A SYSTEMATIC APPROACH IN THE STEP-BY-STEP DEVELOPMENT OF FOOTBALL PLAYERS' PHYSICAL FITNESS

Xolmatov Nizomjon Umarjonovich — Thu, 01 May 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Optimising physical fitness in football requires an integrated, sequential training process that harmonises physiological adaptation with the progressive acquisition of sport-specific skills. The present study evaluates the effectiveness of a systematic, step-by-step approach grounded in contemporary periodisation theory for developing the key fitness components of amateur male football players aged 17–19 years over a twenty-four-week competitive macrocycle. Thirty-six athletes were randomly assigned to an experimental group following a structured meso- and microcycle plan built on the principles of cumulative workloads, variability, and delayed transformation, and to a control group that trained according to a conventional weekly model emphasising uniform loads. A battery of laboratory and field tests—maximal oxygen uptake, repeated-sprint ability, countermovement jump height, and Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test Level 1—was administered at baseline, mid-point, and post-intervention. Two-way ANOVA revealed significant group-by-time interactions (p < 0.05) favouring the systematic programme for all indicators, with the greatest relative improvements observed in aerobic capacity (+11.8 %) and repeated-sprint index (+8.6 %). The findings confirm that a logically ordered progression of training stimuli produces superior adaptive responses compared with traditional undifferentiated scheduling, highlighting the necessity of evidence-based periodisation for youth performance enhancement.

ISSUES OF THE PRESS IN MODERN FOREIGN JOURNALISM

Rahimjonova N., Uzaqova U. — Thu, 01 May 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Freedom and independence of the mass media are the cornerstone responsibilities of any democratic society. Mass media serves as a vital channel of dialogue between the government and the public. Regardless of an individual's personal will or intention, media structures create a special environment saturated with information flows produced by the media. A person who is part of a society cannot avoid interacting with this informational space; they perceive and process various streams of information and their functions according to the worldview shaped by the influence of the media.

ASSESSMENT OF THE QUALITY OF PASSENGER TRANSPORTATION SERVICES: ANALYSIS BASED ON PASSENGER FEEDBACK

Kurambayev Alisher Saburbayevich — Thu, 01 May 2025 00:00:00 +0000

The growing demand for comfortable, reliable, and safe passenger transportation has intensified scholarly interest in service‐quality assessment tools that can capture the experience of actual riders. Using a 27-item structured questionnaire grounded in the SERVQUAL conceptual framework, we surveyed 1 262 passengers and conducted twenty in-depth interviews to corroborate and nuance the quantitative results. Statistical processing relied on exploratory factor analysis, multiple linear regression, and Cohen’s d effect-size calculation. The study reveals five latent quality dimensions—comfort, punctuality, information transparency, staff courtesy, and perceived safety—that jointly explain 71.4 % of the variance in overall satisfaction. Policy implications include the integration of real-time digital feedback channels into national quality-of-service standards and the introduction of incentive schemes for operators that outperform benchmarks.

SCHOOL CONFLICTS: TYPES, WAYS, SOLUTIONS

Zaynutdinova Shahnoza Yuldashevna — Thu, 24 Apr 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This article concerns conflict at school as a multifaceted phenomenon. When communicating with participants in school life, a teacher also has to be a psychologist. The absence of conflicts in school is a phenomenon almost impossible. And they will have to be resolved anyway.

A FIGURATIVE INTERPRETATION OF THE FEELINGS OF THE MOTHERLAND AND THE COUNTRY IN THE WORK OF E. VOHIDOV.

M.N. Ernazarova — Thu, 01 May 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This article examines how E. Vohidov glorifies the feelings of the Motherland and the country in his poetry, expresses respect for the history, culture, traditions, and national values of the people, and how the concepts of the Motherland and the country are reflected in the poet's works through many images and are a source of understanding of national identity, as well as the basis for a person to live a happy and spiritually rich life.

PEDAGOGICAL POTENTIAL OF LITERARY EDUCATION

Boysinov Sokhibjon Sobirovich — Thu, 01 May 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This article examines the importance of modern literature classes in increasing students' interest in the educational process. It emphasizes that education can be made more engaging by using textbooks, visual materials, and interactive elements tailored to students’ abilities and needs. The complexity of school textbooks and their role in preparing students for social life are discussed. The article suggests approaches to improve the quality of new-generation textbooks and to develop students’ independent thinking abilities.

WRITTEN SOURCES ABOUT USTRUSHANA

Bektashev Rishat — Thu, 01 May 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Ustrushana, a pre-Islamic and early-Islamic polity situated between the Zarafshan and Syr-Darya basins, is known today mainly through archaeological discoveries and a dispersed corpus of written testimonies in Chinese, Arabic, Persian, Sogdian and Bactrian. These heterogeneous texts, composed between the fourth and tenth centuries CE, illuminate the principality’s political structure, economic networks and cultural transformations but have never been examined in a single, integrative study that foregrounds their mutual corroboration and tension. Employing a source-critical IMRAD approach, this article collects, contextualises and analyses the principal written records on Ustrushana, ranging from court chronicles of the Sui and Tang dynasties to Arabic-Islamic geographies, early Islamic historiography and indigenous epigraphic materials. The investigation shows that while external narratives often portray Ustrushana as a buffer state or tributary, internal inscriptions attest to a resilient local elite maintaining the title of afshīn and negotiating autonomy through flexible diplomacy. The discussion highlights convergences on trade routes and military obligations but also exposes divergences in chronology and administrative terminology. This synthesis clarifies Ustrushana’s place in Transoxianan history and underscores the heuristic value of cross-examining multi-lingual textual traditions.

THE IMPORTANCE OF ACTIVE LISTENING IN DEVELOPING THE CULTURE OF COMMUNICATION BETWEEN MAN AND WIFE IN THE FAMILY

Nomozova Ugiloy Akmaljon kizi — Thu, 01 May 2025 00:00:00 +0000

In forming sincere communication between spouses in the family, it is necessary to master and practice a number of skills. One of them is active listening skills, and this article highlights the role of active listening in couples' conversations. The main features and components of this skill are also analyzed. The data is supported by scientific research by scientists.

TRANSITIVE VERBS IN THE RUSSIAN LANGUAGE

Ahmedova Feruza Ibragimovna — Thu, 01 May 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Understanding the grammatical category of transitive verbs is essential for mastering the Russian language. Transitive verbs, which take a direct object, are central to sentence structure and case assignment. This paper examines the definition, grammatical features, syntactic behavior, and pedagogical implications of transitive verbs in Russian. Comparative aspects with English and practical teaching strategies are also discussed. The topic is relevant for linguists, educators, and students learning Russian as a foreign language, as it sheds light on verb valency, case governance, and communicative patterns that form the backbone of syntactic accuracy.

THE CONCEPT OF PROFESSIONAL-COMMUNICATIVE SKILLS: CONTENT AND COMPONENTS

Samandarova Nargiza Muhammadovna — Wed, 30 Apr 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This article examines the concept of professional-communicative skill, focusing on its content and constituent elements within various vocational settings. Although communication has long been recognized as a cornerstone in professional practice, contemporary scholarship increasingly emphasizes the need for professionals to engage in dynamic, context-specific dialogues that integrate both domain expertise and interpersonal competence. Professional-communicative skill extends beyond mere language proficiency, encompassing cognitive, emotional, and cultural components that ensure clarity, persuasion, and mutual understanding. Grounded in multidisciplinary perspectives from psychology, linguistics, and organizational studies, the discussion clarifies how the skill unfolds in workplace scenarios, highlighting not only verbal aptitude but also nonverbal cues, active listening, ethical awareness, and the capacity to adapt messages for distinct audiences. By delineating the underlying cognitive structures and behavioral patterns that shape these communicative acts, the article provides insight into how training programs and educational curricula can be designed to foster robust professional-communicative competence across sectors. Through an integrative lens, it underscores how effective communication transcends technical skill, enabling deeper collaboration, innovation, and social responsibility in the modern workforce.

PROJECT-BASED TEACHING METHODS IN THE FORMATION OF CARTOGRAPHIC KNOWLEDGE

Jololdinov Asror Toshtemirovich — Thu, 01 May 2025 00:00:00 +0000

this article explores the topic "project-based teaching methods in the formation of cartographic knowledge" and analyzes innovative approaches aimed at updating and improving the effectiveness of educational processes in the field of cartography. The article examines in detail the methodology of project-based teaching, its application in the educational process and its importance in the formation of cartographic knowledge. The study presents strategies aimed at developing independent thinking, creativity and problem-solving skills among students through project-based teaching methods. The article also provides practical examples, focusing on the role of projects in the processes of creation, analysis and presentation of Cartographic Information. The results also include useful recommendations for pedagogical practice and provide new opportunities in ensuring quality education.

OBSTACLES TO THE IMPLEMENTATION OF INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES IN PEDAGOGICAL EDUCATION

Norkulov Bekzod Khurramovich — Thu, 01 May 2025 00:00:00 +0000

The integration of innovative technologies into pedagogical education holds immense potential for transforming teaching and learning processes. However, significant obstacles hinder their effective implementation, including financial constraints, lack of infrastructure, resistance to change, insufficient teacher training, and ethical concerns. This article provides a comprehensive analysis of these barriers, exploring their causes and impacts on pedagogical education systems globally. By examining case studies and current research, the study highlights strategies to overcome these challenges, such as targeted professional development, equitable resource allocation, and stakeholder collaboration. The findings underscore the need for systemic reforms to ensure that innovative technologies can be seamlessly integrated into teacher education, ultimately enhancing educational outcomes.

A LINGUISTIC AND CULTURAL STUDY OF CHILD-ORIENTED UNITS OF ADDRESS IN ENGLISH AND UZBEK

Thu, 01 May 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This scientific article analyzes the conceptual foundations of integrating interactive tools and pedagogical technologies to enhance students' theoretical knowledge. It examines the shortcomings of traditional education and explores the didactic potential of modern technologies (such as interactive whiteboards, AR, and simulations). The article proposes a comprehensive didactic model aimed at increasing students' cognitive activity by combining technologies like project-based learning and problem-based learning, which are rooted in constructivism, with interactive tools.

THE ORIGIN OF ANTHROPONYMS IN THE UZBEKISTAN LANGUAGE, DEVELOPMENT FACTORS, AND THEIR PLACE IN LINGUISTICS

Gulshan Ergasheva — Thu, 01 May 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This article highlights the essence of the science of anthroponymy as a structural element of onomastics. The main attention is paid to the origin of anthroponyms in the Uzbek language, their formation under the influence of historical, religious, social and cultural factors, and how these names are related to the life of the people. Also, the role of Uzbek anthroponyms in linguistics and modern trends are explained on a scientific basis.

THE SPECTRUM OF COLOUR IN THE ARCHITECTURAL CULTURE OF UZBEKISTAN OF THE TEMURID ERA

Salokhutdinova Munavvar Golibqizi — Thu, 01 May 2025 00:00:00 +0000

The architecture of the Temurid era (second half of the 14th - early 16th centuries) represents a unique stratum of the cultural heritage of Uzbekistan and Central Asia as a whole. This historical period, known as the golden age of Central Asian architecture, gave the world outstanding architectural ensembles of Samarkand, Shakhrisabz and Bukhara. Among the variety of artistic techniques characteristic of this epoch, the masterful use of colour, which was not merely a decorative element but also the most important carrier of meanings, from religious symbolism to socio-political ideas, deserves special attention.

THE NECESSITY OF INTELLECTUAL IDEOLOGY IN MODERN GLOBALIZATION

Sodiqov Abduhalil Abduqaxxor o'g'li — Thu, 17 Apr 2025 00:00:00 +0000

In today's globalization era, various ideological influences are intensifying, and new forms of influencing public consciousness are emerging. Ideological influences play a particularly important role in shaping the worldview and values of the younger generation. Therefore, protecting them from various harmful ideas and ensuring they have a strong life position is an urgent issue.

THE ASHTARKHANIDS IN SAMARKAND

Rahmonova Parvina — Wed, 30 Apr 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This article examines how the Ashtarkhanid dynasty migrated from the Astrakhan territories to the region of Mawarannahr, the granting of the Miyonkol area of Samarkand to them by the Shaybanids, and the activities they carried out in Mawarannahr, all based on contemporary sources.

METHODOLOGY FOR DEVELOPING STUDENTS’ LINGUISTIC COMPETENCIES THROUGH LITERARY NAMES

Sanakulov Zayniddin — Thu, 01 May 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This article analyzes the methodological and didactic features of developing linguistic competencies through literary names. It highlights the distinctive aspects of the PLATO method, the task-based method, the audio-lingual method, and the digital-based approach. These methods contribute to deepening students’ knowledge of language and culture in the educational process and play an important role in developing linguistic competence. The article provides practical guidance for teachers in applying effective strategies for teaching literary names.

THE IMPORTANCE OF SOCIAL REFORMS IN ENSURING HUMAN INTERESTS IN THE CONTEXT OF NATIONAL REVIVAL

Alisher Ibragimov — Thu, 01 May 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This article reflects the principles of comprehensive development and progress in the construction of the state and society, the implementation of reforms in the social sphere in our country in the context of national progress and the provision of human interests.

SOME FEATURES OF TRANSLATION IN THE CONTEXT OF PROFESSIONAL COMMUNICATION

Tursunov Elmurod Umrzoqovich — Thu, 01 May 2025 00:00:00 +0000

The author classifies the types of difficulties that may arise when translating economic, political, and legal terms and phrases from English into Uzbek and presents some translation methods to overcome them. In addition, the article presents the opinions put forward by experts regarding specific translation methods and provides examples of overcoming difficulties in translating certain economic and political terms.

THE ROLE OF AYDAR ARSANOY LAKES IN THE TOURISM POTENTIAL OF JIZZAKH REGION

Ozodbek Nematov — Thu, 01 May 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This study explores the role of Aydar Arsanoy Lakes in enhancing the tourism potential of the Jizzakh region in Uzbekistan. Emphasizing their ecological significance, scenic beauty, and opportunities for eco-tourism, the research assesses current infrastructure, environmental challenges, and stakeholder perceptions. Findings indicate that the lakes have substantial potential to attract eco-tourists and birdwatchers, provided that sustainable development and conservation efforts are implemented. The study concludes that strategic investments and community involvement are essential to transform Aydar Arsanoy Lakes into a sustainable tourism asset, contributing to regional economic growth while preserving ecological integrity.

THE RELEVANCE OF DEVELOPING PROFESSION-ORIENTED COMMUNICATION COMPETENCIES IN THE CONTEXT OF HIGHER EDUCATION REFORMS

Rajapov Sulaymon Nuraddin Ogli — Wed, 30 Apr 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This article explores the urgency of developing profession-oriented communication competencies in the context of ongoing higher education reforms. While reforms in curricula, assessment strategies, and learning technologies have garnered much attention, the ability of students to engage in effective, field-specific communication remains an underexamined but crucial pillar of contemporary university education. Drawing on pedagogical frameworks, policy documents, and empirical findings, the discussion underscores how communication skills—tailored to students’ future careers—enhance critical thinking, foster interdisciplinary collaboration, and heighten employability. In addressing the global shift toward learner-centered instruction, the article demonstrates that targeted communication training not only bolsters academic success, but also equips graduates to navigate an increasingly complex labor market.

ENSURING INCLUSIVITY IN FINANCIAL SERVICES: AN INNOVATIVE APPROACH FOR PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES AND THE ELDERLY THROUGH AI-POWERED ATMs

Toxtamishov Asliddin — Thu, 01 May 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This article analyzes the issue of enhancing inclusivity in financial services through the example of ATMs equipped with artificial intelligence technologies. Particular attention is given to expanding access to financial services for people with disabilities and the elderly, examining the opportunities for service delivery through interactive interfaces, biometric authentication, and voice commands.

LINGUOPOETICS AND LITERARY TEXT: THE AESTHETIC FUNCTION OF LANGUAGE DEVICES

Babaxanov Laziz Abdullaxanovich — Thu, 01 May 2025 00:00:00 +0000

The article examines linguopoetics as a multidisciplinary field that explores how linguistic form generates aesthetic effects in literary texts. Drawing on functional stylistics, cognitive poetics and semiotics, the study analyses correlations between phonetic, lexical, syntactic and tropological devices and a reader’s aesthetic response. A corpus of English-language and Russian-language poems and short prose passages (n = 120) was subjected to close reading augmented by quantitative stylistic profiling. The findings show that foregrounding through parallelism, alliteration and metaphor clusters constitutes the principal mechanism by which language devices transform propositional content into an aesthetic experience. Moreover, the salience of micro-level devices is amplified by macro-level narrative perspective and genre expectations. The article contributes to current debates on the interface between linguistic form and literary value, proposing an integrative model that aligns Jakobson’s poetics of the sign with contemporary embodied-cognition theories.

MOTIVATIONAL FACTORS AND THEIR MODERN METHODS IN THE FORMATION OF PROFESSIONAL-SPIRITUAL SOPHISTICATION

Khalilov Raufjon Rahimjon — Thu, 01 May 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This article explores the topic "motivational factors in the formation of professional-spiritual sophistication and their modern methods" in a scientific-theoretical way. The article analyzes the essence of professional spiritual sophistication, its significance and its place in the modern educational system. Interconnected motivational factors - personal, social and cultural elements-play an important role in the formation of professional spirituality. It also provides detailed information on modern pedagogical methods and technologies for the development of professional spiritual sophistication. Opportunities to increase student motivation through interactive teaching methods, project-based teaching, collaborative learning, and other innovative approaches are considered. In this article, first of all, the theoretical foundations of the concept of “professional-spiritual sophistication” and its importance in the educational process are discussed. Also, advanced scientific theories of motivation are analyzed and modern methods are illuminated. On this basis, ways are considered to optimize motivational factors in the formation of professional and spiritual sophistication.

EFFECTIVE METHODS OF USING VIRTUAL REALITY TECHNOLOGIES IN TEACHING HUMAN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY

Muradova Mamura Abduazizovna — Thu, 01 May 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Virtual reality (VR) has progressed from an experimental adjunct to a credible instructional medium for the anatomical and physiological sciences. Growing empirical evidence shows that immersive three-dimensional visualisation, interactive manipulation of organs, and real-time simulation of physiological processes can deepen conceptual understanding, reduce cognitive load, and partially substitute for cadaveric resources where shortages persist. This study analyses the pedagogical effectiveness of VR in undergraduate anatomy and physiology courses and proposes an integrative methodology that aligns VR sessions with established learning cycles. A mixed-methods design combined a narrative synthesis of twenty-nine peer-reviewed studies published between 2022 and 2025 with a quasi-experimental classroom intervention conducted at the Department of Natural Sciences, Shahrisabz State Pedagogical Institute. Quantitative gains in examination scores and qualitative improvements in spatial-reasoning narratives indicate that properly scaffolded VR modules significantly outperform traditional practicum alone. Nonetheless, technical friction, motion discomfort, and sporadic instructor resistance temper the magnitude of benefit. The article concludes that efficacy depends less on hardware sophistication than on thoughtful curricular positioning, iterative formative assessment, and systematic instructor development.

THE ROLE OF RUSSIAN FOLKLORE IN THE EDUCATION OF PRESCHOOL CHILDREN

Ahmedova Feruza Ibragimovna — Thu, 01 May 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This article discusses the educational role of Russian folklore in the development of preschool children. It analyzes various folklore forms—fairy tales, rhymes, riddles, and songs—and how they influence early language acquisition, imagination, and moral formation. The article also offers methods for integrating folklore into the classroom through storytelling, play, and creative activities.

DIRECTIVE SPEECH ACTS IN ENGLISH AND UZBEK NEWS DISCOURSE: A COMPARATIVE STUDY AND TRANSLATION PROBLEMS

Kayumova Nilufar Khotam-kizi — Wed, 30 Apr 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Directive speech acts – commands and appeals – are a vital component of news discourse, shaping how information prompts action or compliance. This thesis presents a comparative analysis of how directives are expressed in English and Uzbek news. Drawing on real news examples and speech act theory, it examines the linguistic forms, illocutionary force, perlocutionary effects, and cultural-contextual variations of directives in media. The analysis finds that English and Uzbek news share core directive strategies (such as urging or ordering), but differ in typical wording and level of directness due to cultural and linguistic norms.

THE METHODOLOGICAL FOUNDATIONS OF DEVELOPING THE WORLDVIEW OF YOUTH IN NEW UZBEKISTAN BASED ON NATIONAL AND UNIVERSAL VALUES

Xasanov Jasurbek Abdulboqiyevich — Thu, 01 May 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This article analyzes the development of youth worldview in the new Uzbekistan based on the mutual compatibility of national and universal values. Within the scope of the article, contemporary sociophilosophical approaches, particularly Ronald Inglehart's postmodern value theory and Anthony Giddens' theory of structuration, are analyzed. Based on these theories, the methodological foundations for the harmonious development of identity and global thinking in youth consciousness are substantiated. Additionally, the article highlights effective ways to integrate national and universal values in youth education, drawing from Uzbekistan's spiritual and educational policies, the activities of social institutions, and the results of sociological research. The article aims to define strategic approaches to preserving national identity and forming global citizenship.

THE ROLE OF MOTIVATION IN PERSONAL MANAGEMENT

Omanova Nargiza Rustam qizi — Thu, 01 May 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Motivation plays a vital role in personal management by directly influencing employee performance, satisfaction, and organizational commitment. It serves as the internal drive that encourages individuals to achieve goals, take initiative, and maintain productivity. Effective motivation strategies—both intrinsic and extrinsic—help managers align individual ambitions with organizational objectives. By fostering a positive work environment, recognizing achievements, and addressing employee needs, motivation enhances morale and reduces turnover. It also contributes to the development of a strong organizational culture and supports continuous personal and professional growth. In essence, motivation is a key tool in managing people effectively and achieving long-term business success.

THE ROLE OF NEUROPEDAGOGY IN THE EDUCATIONAL PROCESS

Yulduz Sobirovna Sidiqova — Thu, 01 May 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This article reveals the role of neuropedagogy as a new direction in the modern education system, the connection between the brain and the educational process, and the importance of cognitive processes—attention, memory, thinking, and reasoning mechanisms—in developing students' intellectual potential. Several key aspects have been analyzed to justify the relevance of neuropedagogical approaches in modern education.

ENHANCING FUTURE TEACHERS’ INFORMATION-HANDLING COMPETENCE THROUGH LEARNING TASKS

Temirov Oybek — Thu, 01 May 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This article analyzes the pedagogical and methodological aspects of improving future teachers' information processing skills through educational tasks. It examines the role, types, methodological features, and effectiveness of learning tasks in the context of modern education. The article highlights approaches to designing learning tasks based on constructivism, active learning theory, and digital pedagogy. It also provides commentary on the research and practical significance of renowned scholars such as John Dewey, Lev Vygotsky, and David Jonassen in this field.

THE NEED TO DEVELOP INFORMATION SECURITY COMPETENCIES AMONG FUTURE INFORMATICS TEACHERS IN HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS OF UZBEKISTAN

Abdullaev Ilkhom Khujayorovich — Thu, 01 May 2025 00:00:00 +0000

In the 21st century, alongside the rapid development of information technologies and the integration of digitalization processes into all sectors and industries, cyber threats have also become increasingly complex. Each year, the number and complexity of cyber threats continue to rise, significantly increasing the demand for qualified specialists in the field of information security [1].

CONSTRUCTING A PERPENDICULAR BISECTOR USING COMPASS AND STRAIGHTEDGE: A FUNDAMENTAL GEOMETRIC METHOD

Jamoldinova Mohira Muhammadali Qizi, Dilnoza Xaytmirzayevna Maxmudova — Wed, 30 Apr 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This article investigates one of the most elementary yet fundamental problems in classical Euclidean geometry: constructing the perpendicular bisector of a line segment using only a compass and straightedge. The study outlines the theoretical background, presents a step-by-step construction method, and discusses its applications in both historical and modern mathematical contexts. The simplicity and power of this method reveal its pedagogical value in developing geometric intuition and precision.

THE IMPORTANCE OF MODERN TECHNOLOGY LABORATORIES IN TEACHING ZOOLOGY TO STUDENTS

Xoljurayeva Gulzoda, Akhrorova Feruza — Thu, 01 May 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This study explores the significance of modern technology laboratories in teaching zoology to students. By employing a mixed-methods approach, the research highlights how these laboratories enhance student engagement, understanding, and practical skills. Quantitative data from surveys indicate that a majority of students feel more confident and motivated through hands-on experiences with advanced tools like virtual dissections and data analysis software. Qualitative insights reveal the value of interdisciplinary collaboration and real-world applications. However, challenges such as resource disparities and training needs are identified. Overall, modern technology laboratories are crucial for preparing students to address contemporary challenges in zoology and conservation.

DEVELOPING STUDENTS’ READING SKILLS THROUGH MATERIALS BASED ON NATIONAL VALUES IN ENGLISH LANGUAGE CLASSES

Karieva Matlubakhon — Thu, 01 May 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This study investigates the efficacy of integrating texts that embody Uzbek national values into English-as-a-Foreign-Language (EFL) reading instruction at the tertiary level. Building on sociocultural theory and extensive-reading research, the project examined how culturally resonant reading materials influence learners’ reading comprehension, motivation, and strategic behaviour. A semester-long quasi-experimental design was implemented with two intact groups (n = 62) at a regional university: the experimental group read graded English texts reflecting traditional narratives, proverbs, and contemporary essays on national heritage, whereas the control group followed a standard skills-based syllabus. Pre- and post-tests, think-aloud protocols, and attitudinal surveys were employed. Results reveal statistically significant gains in comprehension and strategy transfer for the experimental cohort, accompanied by higher affective engagement. The findings suggest that national-values-based materials not only reinforce cultural identity but also provide meaningful scaffolding that accelerates EFL reading development. Pedagogical implications include principled text selection, explicit strategy mediation, and alignment with national curriculum goals.

THE IMPACT OF DIFFERENTIATED EDUCATION CONTENT ON THE TRAINING OF FUTURE MOTHER TONGUE TEACHERS

Fayzullayev Abdumuhammad — Thu, 01 May 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This article investigates how the systematic use of differentiated education content influences the professional preparation of future mother-tongue teachers. Building on Vygotskian social-constructivist theory and contemporary differentiation scholarship, the study drew on a mixed-methods design at Gulistan State University. Quantitative data (n = 124 teacher-trainees) were gathered with a Lesson-Planning Competence Rubric over two semesters; qualitative insights were obtained from weekly reflective journals and focus-group interviews. Findings show statistically significant growth in lesson-planning competence and reveal three interconnected trajectories of professional development: a shift toward an integrative pedagogical mindset, expansion of strategic repertoires, and formation of sustained reflective habits. The discussion situates these outcomes within international and national standards for teacher education, highlighting how differentiated content supports inclusive, culturally responsive instruction in mother-tongue classrooms. Recommendations are offered for curriculum designers and higher-education policymakers.

LEGAL REGULATION OF WAGES, GUARANTEES AND COMPENSATIONS

Abdullayev Vasiyat Anvarovich — Thu, 01 May 2025 00:00:00 +0000

A predictable and transparent wage system is a foundational element of social stability and sustainable economic growth. Yet, despite widespread ratification of International Labour Organization conventions, national approaches to regulating remuneration, wage guarantees, and compensatory payments remain strikingly heterogeneous. This study examines legal mechanisms governing wages in civil‐law and common‐law jurisdictions, with particular attention to statutory minimum wage rules, wage protection safeguards, and compensations for overtime, hazardous work, and unjust dismissal. Relying on doctrinal analysis of primary statutes, judicial decisions, and international instruments, as well as a comparative survey of enforcement data from Uzbekistan, the Russian Federation, Germany, and the United States, the article evaluates the effectiveness of distinct regulatory models in securing timely and adequate remuneration. Findings indicate that statutory norms achieve limited results unless paired with institutional guarantees such as labour inspection autonomy, affordable dispute resolution, and automatic indexation clauses. The study concludes that hybrid regulatory designs—combining mandatory minima, sectoral bargaining, and real‐time wage data disclosure—offer the best prospects for balancing employer flexibility and worker protection.

THE ROLE OF THE COMMUNICATIVE LANGUAGE TEACHING (CLT) METHOD IN DEVELOPING STUDENTS’ COMMUNICATIVE COMPETENCE

Zufarova Kamola Ziyatjanovna — Thu, 01 May 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) has become the dominant paradigm in foreign‐language pedagogy, yet empirical evidence concerning its concrete effect on learners’ communicative competence in non-English-speaking environments remains fragmented. This paper reports an intervention study carried out in two Uzbek higher-education institutions where English is taught as a compulsory subject. The research compares outcomes in classes using a traditional structural–situational syllabus with those adopting a task-based CLT syllabus aligned with national curriculum goals. A mixed-methods design, combining spoken-interaction tests, discourse-completion tasks, classroom observations, and semi-structured interviews, enabled a nuanced measurement of gains in grammatical, sociolinguistic, discourse, and strategic sub-competences. Findings reveal statistically significant improvements in fluency, cohesion, and pragmatic appropriacy among students exposed to CLT, without a commensurate decline in formal accuracy. Qualitative data suggest that learner confidence and willingness to communicate also rose markedly, mediated by increased opportunities for authentic negotiation of meaning. The study concludes that sustained, context-sensitive CLT integration meaningfully strengthens communicative competence and recommends curricular adjustments that balance interactional practice with explicit form-focused feedback.

THE USE OF INNOVATIVE TOOLS IN TEACHING THE TOPIC OF THE TIMURIDS

Saxatov Shokhrukh Miryunus ogli — Wed, 30 Apr 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This article explores the application of innovative tools in teaching the Timurid era, focusing on how modern technology, interactive methods, and cross-curricular approaches can revitalize history instruction. Although the Timurid period is often recognized for its remarkable architectural achievements and cultural legacy, it remains underrepresented in many classrooms, where rote learning and lecture-based delivery still dominate. Embracing digital resources and hands-on techniques can heighten student engagement and deepen analytical understanding, allowing learners to discover the Timurid epoch’s complexities. By integrating multimedia content, virtual museum visits, collaborative projects, and relevant local heritage sites, educators encourage more active involvement, critical thinking, and cross-cultural appreciation. This article contends that leveraging technological innovations alongside traditional scholarship not only enriches the Timurid topic but also empowers students to link historical lessons to contemporary issues of cultural identity and global interaction. The discussion includes an analysis of best practices, potential challenges, and examples of synergy between digital devices, role-play, and documentary materials. By featuring a table summarizing recommended tools, their pedagogical application, and the anticipated outcomes, the article elucidates how adopting a dynamic, student-centered approach ensures that the Timurid legacy resonates meaningfully with a new generation of learners.

SPHERICAL GEOMETRY AND ITS APPLICATIONS

Qahhorova Munira Komiljon qizi, Dilnoza Xaytmirzayevna Maxmudova — Thu, 01 May 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Spherical geometry, a non-Euclidean branch of geometry, deals with the properties and figures on the surface of a sphere. Unlike planar geometry, it does not obey Euclid's parallel postulate. This paper investigates the foundational aspects of spherical geometry, illustrates its core theorems with mathematical formulations, and explores its real-world applications in fields such as navigation, astronomy, and geodesy. We also provide graphical representations to distinguish spherical constructions from their Euclidean counterparts.

THE ROLE OF METAPHOR AND SYMBOLISM IN REPRESENTING THE SUPERNATURAL IN FOLKLORE

Pardayeva Diyora — Thu, 01 May 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Metaphor and symbolism are central semiotic strategies through which vernacular communities articulate encounters with the supernatural. Drawing on a comparative corpus of British, Uzbek, and broader Eurasian narrative traditions, the present study investigates how figurative language structures collective perceptions of other-worldly beings, spaces, and events. Using conceptual metaphor theory, semiotic analysis, and hermeneutic close reading, the research reveals that metaphoric mappings—particularly those of liminality, embodiment, and transformation—provide cognitive scaffolding for supernatural motifs, while symbolic clusters rooted in natural, spatial, and chromatic codes stabilize communal cosmologies. The findings demonstrate that metaphors of boundary crossing and symbols of threshold objects (doors, bridges, crossroads) mediate social norms by locating the supernatural at the edge of everyday life, thereby reinforcing ethical frameworks and group identity. The discussion argues that sustained metaphor–symbol interaction functions as an adaptive cultural mechanism: it preserves archaic cosmological schemata yet continuously re-interprets them, allowing folklore to remain intelligible amid social change.

METHODOLOGY FOR DEVELOPING RESEARCH COMPETENCIES IN FUTURE INFORMATICS TEACHERS (USING THE DATABASE COURSE AS AN EXAMPLE)

Axatqulov Anvar — Thu, 01 May 2025 00:00:00 +0000

The article substantiates an integrated methodology for forming robust research competencies in pre-service informatics teachers through the redesign of a core “Databases” course. Drawing on the DigCompEdu and UNESCO ICT-CFT frameworks, as well as empirical data from a quasi-experimental study with 124 third-year undergraduates, the paper demonstrates that embedding systematic inquiry into disciplinary content yields statistically significant growth in students’ ability to formulate research problems, design small-scale empirical studies, and critically interpret data. The intervention aligns research skills with professional teaching tasks: database modelling, query optimisation, and data ethics. Mixed-methods evaluation combining a validated research-competence rubric and semi-structured reflective interviews confirms a large effect size (Cohen’s d = 0.86) relative to a control cohort receiving traditional instruction. The discussion explicates pedagogical principles—problematisation of practice, authentic data sets, iterative peer review, and metacognitive reflection—that underpin the observed gains, and offers recommendations for institutional implementation within Higher Attestation Commission standards.

DEVELOPING STUDENTS’ PROFESSIONAL AND PEDAGOGICAL COMPETENCE IN HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS

Latipova Marifat Salohiddin qizi — Thu, 01 May 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This article provides an in-depth analysis of the process of developing professional and pedagogical competence among students in higher education institutions. It explores the essence, structure, stages, and effective methods involved in this process. The paper emphasizes that, in accordance with the modern educational requirements, the preparation of pedagogical personnel must integrate not only theoretical knowledge but also practical skills and the ability to utilize information and communication technologies. Furthermore, the significance of moral and communicative culture in pedagogical activity is also highlighted. The article presents detailed information about the stages of developing professional and pedagogical competence in higher education and discusses contemporary pedagogical methods employed to enhance this development.

CULTURAL MODELS OF SINCERITY: COMMUNICATIVE BEHAVIOR IN ANGLO-AMERICAN AND UZBEK SOCIETIES

Rozmatova Muxlisa — Thu, 01 May 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Sincerity is often treated as a universal moral ideal, yet it is enacted through culture-specific communicative conventions. This article compares Anglo-American and Uzbek models of sincerity by examining how speakers frame candid opinion sharing, praise, disagreement and social support. Drawing on a 180 000-word corpus of British and U.S. radio phone-ins and television debates, paired with a 175 000-word corpus of Uzbek talk shows and online advice programmes, the study combines corpus-driven collocational analysis with ethnographically informed discourse interpretation. Results indicate that the Anglo-American model foregrounds the individual speaker’s obligation to personal authenticity and relies heavily on transparency metaphors, while the Uzbek model embeds sincerity in relational warmth, expressed through heart-based metaphors and kinship terms.

DIDACTIC PROBLEMS OF TEACHING DRAWING (for secondary schools)

Nafisa Odiljonovna Yakubova — Thu, 24 Apr 2025 00:00:00 +0000

In general secondary education, issues requiring creative research in drawing can greatly help students think freely, express their opinions, justify them, and develop a culture of thinking with the majority.

THEORETICAL-METHODICAL ISSUES OF THE CONCEPT OF LABOR COMPENSATION FUND

Ergashev Sarvar Khudoynazarovich — Thu, 01 May 2025 00:00:00 +0000

In this article, the concepts of labor payment and wage fund are studied from a theoretical, methodological and legal point of view. Based on the studies, an author's definition of the concepts of the wage fund and the wage fund was formed, and its content was written. This article states that the payment of wages in enterprises can be the basis for applying various benefits for the purpose of taxation in the financial account.

THE FALL OF INNOCENCE: TESS AS A VICTIM OF FATE AND SOCIETY

Hamzayeva Zebo Murodjon Qizi — Sun, 05 Jan 2025 00:00:00 +0000

INTEGRATING MODERN TEACHING TECHNOLOGIES IN THE THEORY OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND PEDAGOGY

M.A. Mukhtoralieva — Thu, 01 May 2025 00:00:00 +0000

The article is devoted to the integration of modern artificial intelligence technologies into pedagogical theory and teaching methods. It examines the role of artificial intelligence in optimizing the educational process, improving the quality of education, and adapting educational programs to the individual needs of students. Special attention is paid to flexible educational systems, interactive educational platforms and methods of automatic assessment of knowledge, which can significantly increase the efficiency of the pedagogical process.

TEACHING WRITING IN ONLINE VS. FACE-TO-FACE CLASSROOMS: PEDAGOGICAL CHALLENGES AND SOLUTIONS

Jurayeva Zuhra — Thu, 01 May 2025 00:00:00 +0000

The rapid migration of educational practice to virtual environments has compelled writing instructors to re-evaluate time-honoured classroom strategies. Although online platforms extend access and diversify modes of feedback, they also exacerbate issues of learner engagement, cognitive load, and assessment reliability. This empirical study compares the experiences of 86 pre-service English‐language teachers who completed parallel sixteen-week writing-methodology courses delivered either fully online or in traditional face-to-face formats. Mixed-methods data—including weekly reflective journals, rubric-based text assessments and semi-structured interviews—were analysed to identify instructional obstacles and corresponding solutions. Results show that while online cohorts benefited from multimodal resources and asynchronous revision cycles, they reported diminished collaborative fluency and higher rates of feedback misinterpretation. In-person participants demonstrated stronger peer-review dynamics but struggled with equitable participation and real-time anxiety. The findings underscore the necessity of explicit feedback training, scaffolded digital literacy, and balanced synchronous–asynchronous task design to cultivate advanced writing competencies across modalities. Recommendations include integrating annotated video feedback, rotating peer-feedback triads, and deploying learning-analytics dashboards to support self-regulation.

ACCEPTANCE AND EVALUATION OF INDEPENDENT WORK OF HIGHER EDUCATION STUDENTS BY PROFESSORS: SOLUTIONS AND ADVANCED STRATEGIES FROM WORLD EXPERIENCE

Ilkhom Madatov Yusup oʻgʻli — Thu, 01 May 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This in the article supreme training in their homeland students independent their work teachers by acceptance in doing to the surface coming current problems The world is illuminated . developed in the countries progressive experiments based on this of problems effective solutions seeing Also , Uzbekistan education in the system this experiments implementation to grow according to offer and recommendations is given.

THE MAIN DEVELOPMENT STAGES OF THE NOVELLA IN THE 20TH CENTURY

Samatova Gulnoza Nematjonovna — Wed, 30 Apr 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This article explores the major developmental phases of the novella (short novel) genre during the twentieth century, highlighting the aesthetic, cultural, and social forces that shaped its transformations. Despite the novella’s deep roots in earlier literary traditions, the twentieth century brought forth new narrative strategies, stylistic experimentation, and a reimagined sense of brevity and focus. By charting the novella’s trajectory across different movements—from modernist minimalism to postcolonial hybridization—the article underscores how shifts in historical context and reader expectations influenced form, content, and authorial voice. Throughout these developments, the novella maintained an intermediate position between short story and full-length novel, harnessing both the precision of the former and the thematic range of the latter. Ultimately, this study offers a detailed look at how the novella adapted to rapidly evolving literary marketplaces, aesthetic philosophies, and technological changes, suggesting that its concise structure and flexibility continue to make it a vital vehicle for storytelling into the present.

LOVE AS THE SUPREME VALUE AGAINST WAR AND DEATH IN LOST GENERATION ENGLISH LITERATURE

Kurbonova Shakhlo Shukhratova — Thu, 01 May 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This article examines the representation of love as a redemptive and existential value in the works of English literature associated with the Lost Generation. Set against the backdrop of World War I and its aftermath, the article explores how writers such as Ernest Hemingway and Virginia Woolf position love as a counterforce to violence, death, and spiritual fragmentation. Through close textual analysis of A Farewell to Arms and Mrs Dalloway, the paper argues that love, though fragile and temporal, serves as the only meaningful response to the trauma of war and the dehumanization of modernity.

OPPORTUNITIES OF SPONGE CONSTRUCTION IN CRYPTOGRAPHIC SYSTEMS: DESIGN SETTINGS AND SECURITY CONSIDERATIONS

Zarif Khudoykulov — Thu, 01 May 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Sponge construction has emerged as a versatile and unified structure for designing cryptographic primitives such as hash functions, authenticated encryption with associated data (AEAD), pseudorandom number generators (PRNG), and stream ciphers. This paper analyzes the configurable parameters of sponge construction, including state size, capacity, and rate, and discusses their security implications. A comparative study of existing sponge-based cryptosystems is provided, and general recommendations for design settings are presented to ensure resistance against known attacks while optimizing performance for various applications. The significance of sponge construction in enabling lightweight, secure, and flexible cryptographic solutions is explored, particularly in the context of modern demands such as IoT, embedded systems, and post-quantum resistance.

WILL AND IMAGINATION: SCHOPENHAUER’S DOCTRINE ON IDEA AND NATURE

S.S. Sadullaev — Thu, 01 May 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This article explores Arthur Schopenhauer’s metaphysical concept of the will as the ultimate reality and the role of imagination in his philosophical system. Emphasizing the dichotomy between the world as representation and the world as will, Schopenhauer’s doctrine positions the “Idea” as a mediating layer between phenomena and the inner essence of reality. The paper analyzes how nature, according to Schopenhauer, is not merely a collection of material forms but a symbolic manifestation of the will, revealed through the structures of space, time, and causality. Furthermore, the study investigates the aesthetic and imaginative dimensions of perceiving the Idea, particularly in art and genius, as a form of transcendence beyond individual will. Through this inquiry, the article sheds light on the significance of imagination not only in cognition but also in ethical and aesthetic contemplation within Schopenhauer’s philosophical worldview.

THE UZBEK INTERPRETATION OF ROBERT BURNS’ POETRY

Iskandar Sattibaev — Thu, 01 May 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This research aims to analyze the distinctive features of the poetical translation of Robert Burns’ poetry from English to Uzbek, as well as the techniques employed to convey its linguo-stylistic nuances. The study also investigates methods of attaining a poetic effect in the target language that closely aligns with the original.

THE LEXICAL ANALYSES OF PRAYERS AND BLESSINGS IN UZBEK LANGUAGE

Kurbanbaeva Nilufar Ilxamovna — Thu, 01 May 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This thesis explores the role of prayers and blessings in Uzbek national literature, including folklore, epics, legends, and modern literary works. It examines their linguacultural meanings, ethical and communicative functions, and their aesthetic role in character development. Prayers and blessings are analyzed as tools reflecting national values and enriching literary expression.

METHODOLOGY OF TEACHING THE SUBJECT OF INCLUSIVE EDUCATION IN A DIGITAL ENVIRONMENT

Atabayeva Nargisa Nabijonovna — Thu, 17 Apr 2025 00:00:00 +0000

In the modern educational system, the effective organization of inclusive education based on digital technologies is considered one of the most pressing issues. This article explores the modern methodological foundations of teaching the subject of inclusive education in a digital environment, the role of digital technologies in activating the learning process for students with special educational needs, the development of inclusive competencies among teachers, and the impact of these technologies on the effective implementation of inclusive education in general education schools. In addition, the article presents methodological recommendations for the use of innovative digital tools, adaptive learning platforms, and distance education technologies in teaching the subject of inclusive education.

THE AXIOMATIC SYSTEM OF LOBACHEVSKIAN GEOMETRY ON THE PLANE AND ITS MATHEMATICAL CONSEQUENCES

Nabijonova Hilola Azimjon qizi, Dilnoza Xaytmirzayevna Maxmudova — Thu, 01 May 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This paper explores the foundational axioms of Lobachevskian (hyperbolic) geometry on the Euclidean plane and derives significant geometric consequences from them. By comparing the hyperbolic axiom of parallelism with Euclidean postulates, we analyze the structure of space where the Euclidean fifth postulate fails. Using rigorous mathematical formulations, we discuss the implications on angle sums in triangles, parallel line behavior, and the construction of hyperbolic models. The findings highlight the consistency and significance of Lobachevskian geometry in the broader context of non-Euclidean geometry.

LINGUISTIC AND PARALINGUISTIC SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENCES IN THE USAGE OF EMOJIS IN ENGLISH AND CULTURE

Mavlanova Nargiza Turayevna, Prof. N.E. Yo’ldosheva — Thu, 01 May 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This article explores the complex role of emojis in enhancing digital communication, focusing on their linguistic and paralinguistic functions. It begins by defining and differentiating linguistic elements (structured language) from paralinguistic elements (non-verbal cues) and illustrates how emojis serve as a unique hybrid of both. The piece examines how emojis enhance clarity, express emotions, foster connections, and introduce humor in English-speaking cultures.

The article is supported by a comprehensive review of relevant research, showcasing how emojis function as visual indicators of emotion and their impact on consumer engagement. Overall, it emphasizes the need for cultural awareness in emoji usage, suggesting that understanding these nuances is essential for effective communication in an increasingly interconnected digital world.

DEVELOPING COMPETENCIES IN THE TRAINING PROCESS OF FUTURE TEACHERS IN HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS

Badalov Avazbek Rustamjanovich — Thu, 01 May 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This article examines the issues of developing professional competencies of future teachers in the process of training in higher educational institutions. The content of pedagogical competencies as one of the important aspects of training competitive personnel in the modern education system, methods and mechanisms of their formation are analyzed. During the research, recommendations for improving the system of higher pedagogical education were developed based on innovative models for developing the professional competencies of future teachers.

TOPICAL ISSUES OF TRANSLATION STUDIES

Thu, 01 May 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Translation Studies is an evolving discipline that keeps abreast of language use changes, technological advancement, and international communication. A few of the most current topical issues being addressed in the latest debates in the discipline include machine translation, cultural untranslatability, translator ethics, and the role of translation in globalization. Drawing on qualitative synthesis of contemporary scholarly literature and real-world practice, the paper provides a comprehensive survey of such challenges and of how the discipline adapts to them. The study illustrates that while technology is extremely helpful, it cannot replace human intuition, especially in culturally sensitive translations.

THE ROLE OF DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF DESIGN ENGINEERING COMPETENCE

Xazratqulov Abduvohid — Thu, 01 May 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Rapid advances in digital technologies are transforming engineering practice and reshaping the competences required of contemporary design engineers. This study investigates how digitally mediated tools, environments and pedagogies contribute to the formation of design-engineering competence among undergraduate students. The findings show that immersive digital ecosystems integrating cloud-based computer-aided design (CAD), simulation, additive manufacturing and data-driven feedback accelerate the acquisition of holistic design skills, enhance collaborative problem solving and promote reflective decision-making. The article concludes with recommendations for curriculum designers seeking to align educational outcomes with the demands of Industry 5.0.