SOLVING A PROBLEM RELATED TO LOGICAL THINKING
Keywords:
Logical thinking, problem solving, problem-based learning, heuristic strategies, secondary education, reasoning skillsAbstract
The development of logical thinking is a central objective of contemporary education because it underpins decision-making, problem-solving and successful learning in all subjects. Recent research and practice-oriented reports emphasize that systematic work with non-standard problems and inquiry-based tasks significantly strengthens learners’ reasoning and metacognitive skills. This article analyses the pedagogical potential of problem-based learning for solving tasks specifically designed to foster logical reasoning in secondary school students. Theoretical foundations are drawn from heuristic problem-solving traditions, particularly the four-step model proposed by G. Pólya, and from modern interpretations of problem-based learning as a student-centred, inquiry-oriented pedagogy. The empirical part describes an intervention in which an experimental group regularly worked with structured logical problems integrated into mathematics and informatics lessons, while a control group followed a traditional, exercise-based curriculum. Data were collected through a logical reasoning test, classroom observations and learner reflections. The article concludes with practical recommendations for integrating logical problem-solving into everyday teaching to cultivate sustainable reasoning competencies.
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